The complexity and diversity of the real world pose significant challenges to constructing accurate mathematical models. While creating a formal representation for simplified systems is possible, ...

This study presents a complete model-free sliding mode control (CMFSMC) framework for the control of continuous-time non-affine nonlinear dynamic systems with unknown models. The novelty lies in the ...

Intelligent control has become a cornerstone of modern robotics and autonomous systems, where agents must operate safely and reliably despite uncertainty in ...

Computer-aided engineering capabilities continue to evolve and expand as the increasing power of desktop computers lets software vendors develop more powerful software. At the same time, the ...