Stochastic modeling has become an indispensable tool in understanding and forecasting the spread of infectious diseases under real-world uncertainties. Unlike deterministic frameworks that assume ...

Cell proliferation often experiences a density-dependent intrinsic proliferation rate (IPR) and negative feedback from growth-inhibiting molecules in culture media. The lack of flexible models with ...

Traditional models for analyzing microbial communities often rely on average microbial abundance over time. While these models can predict temporal changes effectively, they often fail to capture the ...