Abstract: With the rapid development of the smart grid relying on communication and computer science technology, its vulnerabilities to intentional cyber-attacks are also exposed to cyber-attackers.

Abstract: Triangle classification is essential in graph analysis, such as for effectively detecting communities, evaluating clusters, and quantifying connection density. While traditional algorithms ...

Graph algorithms are among the most frequently asked topics in software engineering interviews. Companies such as Google, Amazon, Microsoft, Meta, Uber, Airbnb, Stripe, and many startups frequently ...

Materials and molecules are typically characterized through spectroscopic and spectrometric measurements, which provide insights into a compound’s structure and composition. Scientists need multiple ...

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors ...