Nature

What is the expectation maximization algorithm?

Probabilistic models, such as hidden Markov models or Bayesian networks, are commonly used to model biological data. Much of their popularity can be attributed to the existence of efficient and robust ...
Investopedia

Understanding Distribution Channels in Business: How They Function

Jason Fernando is a professional investor and writer who enjoys tackling and communicating complex business and financial problems. Natalya Yashina is a CPA, DASM with over 12 years of experience in ...
Nature

Non-random Distribution of Bull Spermatozoa in a Drop of Sperm Suspension

SPERMATOZOA are usually thought to swim in random directions in their suspending medium, seminal plasma, sea water, Krebs–Henseleit–Ringer solution, etc., unless, as in the spermatozoa of many plants ...
IEEE

Probability Density Forecasting of Electricity Price Difference in the Spot Market

Abstract: Probabilistic electricity price forecasting (EPF) is crucial for optimizing decision-making in modern electricity markets. However, most studies focus on forecasting individual market prices ...
IEEE

A Survey of Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution in Quantum Communication

Abstract: Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) is currently experiencing rapid and significant growth. This can be attributed to its capacity to increase resilience to noise and its ...